Xyoo 1939, plaub xyoos tom qab kev tsim cov nylon los ntawm Wallace Carothers, nylon tau siv rau cov hnab looj tes ua ntej thawj zaug ua cov khoom tshiab, uas tau nrhiav los ntawm cov txiv neej hluas thiab cov poj niam suav tsis txheeb thiab tau nrov hauv ntiaj teb.
Qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb thaum lub caij ntuj no polymer chemistry kev lag luam pib vam meej.Los ntawm cov khaub ncaws hnav, cov khoom siv niaj hnub, ntim khoom, khoom siv hauv tsev, tsheb, aerospace... Nylon tau cuam tshuam loj heev thiab hloov tib neeg lub neej.
Niaj hnub no, lub ntiaj teb tab tom hloov pauv loj heev uas tsis pom hauv ib puas xyoo.Russia-Ukraine tsis sib haum xeeb, hluav taws xob teeb meem, huab cua sov, ib puag ncig degradation... Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, bio-based cov ntaub ntawv tau nkag mus rau hauv keeb kwm cua.
* Cov ntaub ntawv bio-based ushered hauv kev vam meej
Piv nrog cov khoom siv roj av ib txwm muaj, cov khoom siv bio-based yog muab los ntawm cov suab thaj, pob kws, straw, nplej, thiab lwm yam, uas muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab thiab txo qis carbon emissions.Lawv tsis tuaj yeem pab tib neeg kom txo tau lawv txoj kev cia siab rau cov peev txheej roj av, tab sis kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev daws teeb meem hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb.
Cov txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig tseem ceeb txhais tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam tseem ceeb.OECD kwv yees tias los ntawm 2030, 25% ntawm cov organic chemicals thiab 20% ntawm fossil fuels yuav raug hloov los ntawm bio-based chemicals, thiab bio-economic value based on renewable resources will reach up to one trillion dollars.Bio-based cov ntaub ntawv tau dhau los ua ib qho kev sib tw kub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb kev lag luam kev lag luam thiab kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis.
Hauv Suav teb, ua raws li "ob npaug ntawm cov pa roj carbon" lub hom phiaj, "Peb-xyoo Action Plan for Accelerating the Innovation and Development of Non-grain Bio-based Materials" uas tau tshaj tawm los ntawm rau lub luag haujlwm thiab cov thawj coj thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo tseem yuav txhawb nqa ntxiv. kev txhim kho thiab txhim kho kev lag luam bio-based cov ntaub ntawv.Nws tuaj yeem kwv yees tias cov khoom siv bio-raws li domestic tseem yuav ua rau kev txhim kho tag nrho.
* Bio-based nylon cov ntaub ntawv dhau los ua cov qauv kev loj hlob ntawm bio-based materia
Tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm lub teb chaws txoj kev tawm tswv yim, nrog rau ntau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom, nplai kev lag luam, thiab ua tiav kev lag luam kev txhawb nqa, Tuam Tshoj tau pib tsim cov qauv kev lag luam ntawm polylactic acid thiab polyamide, thiab kev loj hlob sai ntawm ntau yam. ntawm cov khoom siv bio-based.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv 2021, Tuam Tshoj lub peev xwm ntawm bio-raws li cov ntaub ntawv yuav ncav cuag 11 lab tons (tsis suav biofuels), suav txog li 31% ntawm lub ntiaj teb tag nrho, nrog rau cov zis ntawm 7 lab tons thiab cov nqi tso zis ntau tshaj. 150 billion yuan.
Ntawm lawv, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv bio-nylon yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog.Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm lub teb chaws "ob chav carbon", ib tug xov tooj ntawm domestic ua lag luam tau coj tus thawj coj nyob rau hauv lub layout ntawm bio-nylon teb, thiab tau ua breakthroughs nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab muaj peev xwm teev.
Piv txwv li, hauv kev ntim khoom, cov neeg muag khoom hauv tsev tau tsim biaxial stretching polyamide zaj duab xis (cov ntsiab lus bio-puag 20% ​​~ 40%), thiab dhau TUV ib lub hnub qub ntawv pov thawj, dhau los ua ib qho ntawm ob peb lub lag luam hauv ntiaj teb nrog cov thev naus laus zis no. .
Tsis tas li ntawd, Tuam Tshoj yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom qab zib thiab pob kws loj hauv ntiaj teb.Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj kom pom tias los ntawm kev muab cov khoom siv cog qoob loo mus rau bio-based nylon polymerization thev naus laus zis mus rau bio-based nylon zaj duab xis ncab thev naus laus zis, Tuam Tshoj tau ntsiag to tsim bio-based nylon industrial saw nrog lub ntiaj teb kev sib tw.
Qee cov kws tshaj lij tau hais tias nrog kev tso tawm tas li ntawm kev tsim cov peev txheej ntawm kev lag luam bio-based nylon, nws qhov kev nyiam thiab kev thov tsuas yog lub sijhawm.Nws tuaj yeem lees paub tias cov lag luam uas pib tsim thiab R & D peev ntawm bio-based nylon kev lag luam ua ntej yuav ua tus thawj coj hauv kev hloov pauv tshiab thiab kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb, thiab cov khoom siv bio-based sawv cev los ntawm bio-based. cov ntaub ntawv nylon tseem yuav nce mus rau qib tshiab, nrog kev maj mam nce hauv cov khoom lag luam thiab kev lag luam nplai, thiab maj mam txav los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob mus rau kev lag luam nplai daim ntawv thov.